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Sanskrit Lesson 1


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Sanskrit is one of the world's most ancient languages and is derived from the same proto mother language as Latin and Greek so many of the words are common. It is written in the Hindi ( Devanagri script ) . If you dont know the script at the end of this lesson do the Hindi lessons first

Many ancient Indian texts on Science and Mathematics were written in Sanskrit. In these lessons we will look at some common phrases. Please write to ukindia@innotts.co.uk if you spot any mistakes or any comments you have about these lessons.

To revise the Sanskrit/Hindi script click here.


These are a few words in Sanskrit , we will in future often omit the half accent mark in the first word name and the full (two dots) one in the second word balAE .

and here are some phrases using these words.

The above phrases read :
Bal patthti . Bala patthti. S Chalti . Sa khelti . Ram Sham ch vadte . To vadte . Meera Meena ch namte. Te namte . Amba pachti . Shakha pat'ti . Gaj Aj kutr chalte ? To atr chalt . Ashv , Sinh ch n chalt to davt . To atr aev khadt . Ram Sham Tom ch hasnti .

Here is the script .Make sure you know it by heart . If you take this gif picture and convert it to a bitmap , you can then edit and cut and paste to make your own words in Hindi/Sanskrit.

Please read the very helpful comments by Paul Newman below

It's really a great pleasure to see someone helping to propagate the message of the greatness of Sanskrit as this has long been a source of great inspiration and joy to me.

Sanskrit is, though, a language which needs great attention to detail, hance my initial enquiry. You ask for comments, here are some which may be of help. I'm afraid this PC setup does not allow me to respond using ttf-extension files (as presently configured) so I shall have to make do with transliteration. Hope you don't mind.

I think consistency is of the greatest importance. For example do you understand the place of sandhi in Sanskrit? I say this because you are inconsistent very often.

I take a few examples from Lesson 1. You quote 'baalah' correctly, showing the visarga (h in my transliteration) which indicates pullinga (masculine) and this is how I would display it. Later on thought, you drop this and just display the pratipaadika (bare stem). Some authors do this, but I don't like it, better to be consistent -- one form or the other. Also you do not indicate linga (gender) of nouns, which must be confusing to students. Later on you have some simple sentences. 'Baalaa likhati' is perfectly correct, but preceeding it you have 'baalah pathati' which is incorrect the correct form is 'baalah pathati' if you split the sandhis (easier for beginners, I say) and its the same if sandhi is applied. Later on you have 'raama shaama ca vadatah' (and notice in Sanskrit it should really be raama not raam), this sentence is wrong. If no sandhis are applied it should be 'raamah shaamah ca vadatah'. If sandhi is applied then you have two alternatives: either 'raama shaamashca vadatah' or 'raamashshaamashca vadatah' either is OK. Here you see your lack of consistency leads to incorrect results.

I hope I have made my point, I could go on as there are many such inconsistencies on the first page alone, but really there is so much material to work on it would require a complete revamp of the page to be totally correct ant to display everything appropriately, and time just dosen't allow this level of commitment from me.

I hope this isn't too negative. You put such a lot of work into this, I can see, and really something very productive ought to come out of it. If you have simple straightforward questions, I may be able to help. I myself learned at the Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan in London. They have very good teachers there. Dr Nandakumara, the executive director, and Dr Shastry, the Academic director, are very able Sanskritists. If you care to approach them I am sure they will be delighted to help.

I wish you every success with your work

Paul Newman
ycrnn21@ucl.ac.uk

Thank you very much indeed for your comments . At the moment because of time commitments I am going to leave the lessons as they are but may come back to them later. If there are any readers out there who want to volunteer to do the changes please get in touch.


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